Cutoff frequency / Cutoff point. At this point a filter becomes active and starts to affect the sound. This decrees what part of the frequency spectrum the filter works on.
Attenuation. This reduces the target frequencies.
Level / Gain. It allows you to cut ( attenuate ) or boost ( amplify ) a collection of frequencies.
Bandwidth / Q / Resonance / stress / peak. The filter effects the range of frequencies either side of the cutoff point and measured in Hertz, so it is related to frequency. it might be more helpful if it was measured in octaves.
The 5 different EQ types are :
Fixed EQ. This is typically a single control such as Treble or Bass. A mixer might have Low ( bass ) and High ( treble ) EQ controls. The cutoff frequency here is fixed and you control the quantity of cut or boost.
Graphic EQ. The frequency ranges are fixed split into a series of bands to make cut and enhance individually. Each row of sliders control a specific frequency band. They’re common on hello fi systems. It also stands alone studio devices and can be found in software. However, you can technically divide the range into any number of bands, common divisions on hardware units are 15 and 31 covering two-thirds and 1/3 of an octave ranges respectively.
Parametric EQ. With parametric EQ you change the frequency of the bands. It has usually 3 or four bands, each with 3 controls – cutoff frequency, bandwidth and level, allowing you to use specific frequencies within a very tight range.
Paragraphic EQ. This is a kind of super-parametic EQ. It blurs the line between graphic and parametric. It offers several bands like a graphic, but with user-definable frequency bands like a parametric ; however , as this can become quite complex, they also tend to have highly-graphic interfaces to observe exactly what frequencies are being affected.
Sweeping / Semi-parametric EQ. This is the middle between a fixed EQ and a full parametric EQ – while the bandwidth is fixed, you can control the centre frequency ( the cutoff point ). It’s common to several mixers. Normally, you’ll be able to find fixed low and high EQ with a sweepable mid range control.
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